Regional bloc condemns army takeover as ‘illegal abortion of democracy’ amid escalating wave of coups in West Africa
West Africa’s regional bloc, the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), suspended Guinea-Bissau’s membership just hours after an army general was sworn in as the country’s president. This decisive action came during a virtual session of ECOWAS’ Mediation and Security Council (MSC), chaired by Sierra Leone’s President Julius Maada Bio, on Thursday night. The meeting brought together leaders from Cabo Verde, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Senegal, Benin, and other member states.
Coup Condemned as Assault on Democratic Will
The military takeover in Guinea-Bissau was widely condemned as an “illegal abortion of the democratic process” aimed at subverting the will of the people. The coup occurred as the country was in the midst of vote counting following a highly contested presidential election, deepening political uncertainty and instability.
Guinea-Bissau’s Chronic Political Instability
Guinea-Bissau’s political landscape has been marred by chronic instability since its independence from Portugal in 1974. Over the decades, the country has witnessed numerous coups, political assassinations, and military interventions that have repeatedly disrupted civilian governance. The military’s dominant role in politics has undermined democratic institutions, while challenges such as widespread corruption, economic hardship, and narcotics trafficking have further weakened the state.
This latest coup is yet another chapter in Guinea-Bissau’s long saga of political fragility, highlighting the persistent difficulty of consolidating democracy in a context of entrenched military influence.
West Africa’s Troubling Wave of Coups Since 2020
Guinea-Bissau is not an isolated case. Since 2020, West Africa has been rocked by at least six coups, which have threatened the region’s democratic gains. Countries including Mali, Burkina Faso, and Guinea have all experienced military takeovers that suspended constitutions and deposed elected leaders. These events have triggered regional and international condemnation and raised fears of growing instability.
ECOWAS’ Role in Safeguarding Democracy
Founded in 1975, ECOWAS aims to promote economic integration and political stability among its 15 member states. The bloc has repeatedly condemned coups and imposed sanctions to restore constitutional order. The swift suspension of Guinea-Bissau’s membership signals ECOWAS’ firm stance against unconstitutional changes of government and its commitment to defend democratic principles in the region.
African Union Poised to Act
The African Union (AU) has also condemned the coup in Guinea-Bissau and is expected to announce the country’s suspension from its membership shortly. The AU’s protocols emphasize the rejection of military coups and uphold the importance of constitutional governance and peaceful power transitions.
Political Uncertainty Threatens Guinea-Bissau’s Future
With the coup disrupting a critical post-election period, Guinea-Bissau faces significant political uncertainty. The military’s intervention jeopardizes progress toward democratic consolidation and poses risks to political stability and economic development. The coming weeks are crucial to determining whether the country can restore civilian rule or descend further into turmoil.
Regional and International Implications
The recent surge of coups in West Africa has alarmed governments, regional bodies, and international partners alike. There is a strong call for dialogue, respect for constitutional order, and swift restoration of democratic governance to prevent further destabilization. Guinea-Bissau’s experience underscores the broader challenges faced by the region in strengthening institutions and preventing military interference.
Conclusion: The Need for Sustainable Democratic Governance
Guinea-Bissau’s coup is a stark reminder of the ongoing fragility of West African democracies. Addressing these challenges requires sustained commitment to building resilient institutions, promoting good governance, and tackling the root causes of instability, including the military’s undue influence. The region’s future depends on reversing the trend of coups and reinforcing democratic norms for lasting peace and development.
